![]() The first Greek civilization emerged when the pyramids in Egypt were more than 500 years old.Īrchaeological findings and written texts give us a glimpse at the lives of only rich Mycenaeans. It was a mysterious and prosperous Mycenaean civilization that started on the island of Crete. ![]() In general, scholars agree that we can speak of the first culture and civilization that was specifically Greek at around 1600 BCE. The area of Ancient Greece also contains hundreds of big and small rocky islands in the Aegean Sea, as well as the western coastline of modern Turkey (then called Ionia). We will concentrate on mainland Greece, which includes the southern part of the Balkans with the peninsulas of Peloponnese, Attica, and Chalkidiki projecting from it. Instead, we use it to describe an extended period with different cultures, cities, rulers, and tribes. Firstly, “Ancient Greece” does not denote a single nation-state called “Greece,” with Athens as the capital city.
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